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India Launches Rupee-Based Trade to Tackle Forex-Related Issues, Including Western Sanctions: Expert_我的网站

A |     　　当地时间8月21日，美国总统特朗普在南卡罗来纳州演讲时重申，必须阻止伊朗发展核武器。    Sputnik spoke with Professor N.R. Bhanumurthy, a prominent economist and vice-chancellor of the Dr. B.R. Ambedkar School of Economics University, Bengaluru (BASE University), about the decision to allow trade settlements in rupees and its impact.,Sputnik: What prompted the RBI to launch trade settlements in rupees?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: It is mostly to do with managing foreign exchange issues, especially when there are some shocks from the global financial system.,India must have smooth trade settlements since it has been trading with multiple countries.,There was a proposal to raise rupee-denominated bonds outside the country, which is also part of the transition.,So, it has a long-term strategy of the rupee also becoming one of the currencies of the international basket. Right now, we have only five recognized currencies. The latest currency added to the list was China's yuan. So, this is part of India's long-term mission.,Sputnik: Will this step help India resume sanctions-proof trade with countries like Iran, Venezuela, and Russia?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: We already have rupee-denominated trade with Iran, especially oil bills being settled in rupees. The Reserve Bank of India's decision is only to showcase that India is also emerging as a big player in the foreign exchange market.,This is only the beginning of the long process where India would like to see the rupee as one of the international currencies. In the process, all these things — like countries with a problem with foreign exchange reserves, nations with trade sanctions — all these will be taken care of.,In the future, disturbance or volatility in the foreign exchange market will increase, especially what we see in Russia or what we see in China. All those things will start having their own repercussions on the forex markets. So, it's better for India floating its currency-based trade.,Sputnik: Would other countries be interested in trading in national currencies with India?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: Certainly yes, because right now India's trade links are increasing, especially in the service sector; our trading links are expanding in a big way. There will be a much greater increase in the volumes of rupee trade. So if countries start trading through the rupee, business costs will be reduced.,India has signed an agreement with the UAE for rupee-based trade. Venezuela has also expressed interest.,Sputnik: How would this impact trade in the dollar or India's foreign exchange reserves?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: Foreign exchange reserves, which are currently around $600 billion, are not entirely in US dollars. A certain proportion of this is in US dollars, while the amount is also in euros, British pounds, and gold. So, I do not think rupee trade will impact trade volumes in the dollar. Whichever countries do not have a rupee-denominated trade deal with India, they can choose to settle their transactions in dollars. So, the dollar trade is still there.,Some areas where India is a significant trader, e.g. the European Union, and other countries like the UK is one country where we also have good trade relationships, and they are not part of the euro now. So all these things will help in increasing the rupee trade.,However, it does not mean it will negatively impact US dollar trade. They will actually complement each other. 10 years back, India used to settle most of its trade in US dollars. Now it also pays in euros, British pounds, as well as in Japanese yen.,Sputnik: Will it benefit countries in South Asia or other parts of the world facing foreign exchange crises?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: It is possible. Ultimately, every country would like to trade. If the US dollar becomes too expensive, it creates trouble for countries with a forex crisis to trade. In that situation, countries with limited foreign exchange reserves can always explore rupee-denominated trade. That is undoubtedly an area where India can take advantage.,Sputnik: Could India face US anger in some sense?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: I doubt all this can happen. We are sitting with a substantial foreign exchange reserve. If that were the case, China would have faced retaliation long back.,Retaliation options are very limited in forex markets. Productivity is one thing everybody can compete for; the rest is only settlement. Countries can only compete in productivity.,Et Tu? US Steals Most of Australia's Sale to China Amid Trade Row, Finds Study30 November 2021, 08:15 GMT,Sputnik: What should India do to strengthen the chances of making the Indian rupee a global currency?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: Productivity is a significant factor that can boost India's ambition to enhance its rupee-denominated trade. So, we need to keep improving our productivity. Second, India needs to create infrastructure to start having short-term trading in the foreign exchange market. Some countries that trade with the rupee also need to have a kind of transaction in a foreign exchange market.,The exchange rate becomes an important variable for those countries trading in the Indian rupee. So there should be some foreign exchange market institutions, and the Indian Central Bank should also be in a position to address any risk associated with other countries, wherever the rupee foreign exchange reserves are.,Any global currency possesses some characteristics — character India needs to ensure so that the Indian rupee will become a global currency.。　　特朗普还称伊朗非常渴望达成协议。他说：“我们甚至不知道自己是否真的想达成协议，因为在我看来，霍尔木兹海峡现在是美国的领土，它就是美国的领土。”　　此前，特朗普已提过霍尔木兹海峡为“美国新领土”，伊方称其为“妄想”。　　18日早些时候，美国总统特朗普发布图片，称霍尔木兹海峡为“美国新领土”。伊朗方面随即在社交媒体附上特朗普这条帖文的截图并驳斥道，“特朗普在其妄想中继续声称‘霍尔木兹海峡是美国领土’”。　　针对美国总统的相关言论，伊朗副外长加里巴巴迪发文驳斥称，“特朗普关于霍尔木兹海峡的妄想要么自行纠正，要么将由我们来纠正。”　　伊朗官员：美国已证明其“不懂外交语言”　　当地时间21日，伊朗伊斯兰议会国家安全和外交政策委员会主席易卜拉欣·阿齐兹在社交媒体发文称，美国已经证明其“不懂外交的语言”，不会主动解除对伊制裁、释放伊朗相关资产，也不会停止其“海盗行径”。　　阿齐兹表示，历史将证明，“实力的语言”不仅将迫使美国采取上述措施，还将迫使美方向伊朗人民道歉，并最终撤出该地区。　　伊朗外长：美经济施压“注定失败”　　当地时间21日晚，伊朗外交部长阿拉格齐在社交媒体发文称，美国历届政府针对伊朗采取的制裁和施压政策均以失败告终，美国最新宣布的对伊经济施压行动同样“注定失败”。　　阿拉格齐在发文中回顾了美国近年来针对伊朗采取的一系列政策。他说，14年前美国宣称对伊朗实施“史上最严厉制裁”，8年前又对伊朗实施“极限施压”，5个月前提出要求伊朗“无条件投降”，这些政策最终均告失败。　　针对特朗普日前宣布将对伊朗采取“有史以来针对国家的最具毁灭性的经济行动”，阿拉格齐表示，这一行动同样“注定失败”。他还批评美国历届政府对伊政策并无实质变化。　　阿拉格齐说：“这套戏码我们以前就看过，同样的谎言，只是换了一批霸凌者罢了。”　　当地时间8月21日，特朗普被问及美国对伊朗的军事选择是否有限时，特朗普表示：“这只是意味着我们正在观察事态的发展。”特朗普称，对伊朗转向“经济战”并不意味着美国军事选项受限。（文章来源：每日经济新闻）。

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